Glycosylphosphatidylinisotol (GPI) anchored proteins are membrane bound proteins that are found throughout the animal kingdom. The stimulation of animal cells (which has tyrosine receptors) by hormones or growth factors leads to a transient release of GPI-anchored proteins from the cell surface.
Patent no: 6,593,095 titled ‘Detection of GPI anchored proteins’ with the abstract: the present invention relates to toxins that specifically bind to GPI anchored proteins. More specifically, the present invention encompasses the uses of such toxins to detect the presence or absence of GPI anchored proteins. In one embodiment the present invention can be used to detect the presence of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
Patent no: 6,255,457 titled ‘Tissue-specific monoclonal antibodies’ with the abstract: Methods of isolating and purifying caveolae, microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins, and membranes consisting essentially of caveolae associated with microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins from endothelial cell membranes are disclosed. The methods comprise coating a luminal surface of an endothelial cell membrane with an adherent first ionic material (e.g. (cationic) colloidal silica) by perfusion from a luminal cavity adjacent to the endothelial cell membrane, forming a pellicle by contacting the first ionic material with a second ionic material, (e.g. acrylic polymer) and isolating and purifying the pellicle. The pellicle is then processed to isolate the desired cellular component. Caveolae which are substantially free of microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins; microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins which are substantially free of caveolae; and membranes consisting essentially of caveolae, microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins, and caveolae associated with the microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins; all of which are substantially free of other cellular elements are also disclosed.
Patent no: 5,914,127 titled ‘Isolation and uses of caveolae’ with the abstract : Methods of isolating and purifying caveolae, microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins, and membranes consisting essentially of caveolae associated with microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins from endothelial cell membranes are disclosed. The methods comprise coating a luminal surface of an endothelial cell membrane with an adherent first ionic material by perfusion from a luminal cavity adjacent to the endothelial cell membrane, forming a pellicle by contacting the first ionic material with a second ionic material, and isolating and purifying the pellicle. The pellicle is then processed to isolate the desired cellular component. Caveolae which are substantially free of microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins; microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins which are substantially free of caveolae; and membranes consisting essentially of caveolae, microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins, and caveolae associated with microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins; all of which are substantially free of other cellular elements, are also disclosed.
Patent no: 6,875,585 titled ‘GPI-anchored small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene NYX’ with the abstract A mammalian gene (NYX) which encodes a GPI-anchored small leucine-rich proteoglycan, nyctalopin, together with compositions and methods involving NYX and nyctalopin or homologous molecules. Mutations in NYX may cause complete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness in humans.
Patent no: 6,905,817 titled ‘Ret-independent signaling pathway for GDNF’ with the abstract : Methods for screening for agonists and antagonists of GPI-anchored independent intracellular signaling resulting in [Ca.sup.2+ ].sub.i elevation, ERK1, ERK2 and CREB phosphorylation, and Src family kinase activation are described, as well as methods for treatment involving administration of agonists/antagonists of such signaling.
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